فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات و رقابت پذیری ملی: یک تحلیل بین کشوری

نوع مقاله : علمی

نویسندگان

1 استادیارگروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی فیروزکوه، فیروزکوه، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزکوه، فیروزکوه، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد دانشگاه آزاداسلامی فیروزکوه، ایران

چکیده

در این مقاله، تأثیر فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات بر رقابت‌پذیری ملی کشورهای منتخب که از نظر سطح توسعه در پنج گروه کشورهای «عامل‌محور»، «کارایی‌محور»، «نوآورمحور» و اقتصادهای «در حال گذار» تقسیم ‌شدند، با رهیافت داده‌های پانل در دوره 2017-2007 ارزیابی گردید. مدل اقتصادسنجی برای کل 79 کشور حاضر در نمونه تحقیق برآورد شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهند در هر پنج گروه و کل کشورها، شاخص‌های ضریب نفوذ اینترنت و تلفن همراه به عنوان جایگزین‌های فاوا اثر مثبت و معنادار بر سطح رقابت‌پذیری کل کشورها دارد. ضریب برآوردی شاخص‌های ضریب نفوذ اینترنت و تلفن همراه به ترتیب برابر 01/0 و 001/0 می‌باشد. بجز متغیر سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی که اثر پایدار بر رقابت‌پذیری ندارد، متغیرهای سرمایه انسانی، بازبودن اقتصاد و حکمرانی خوب اثرات مثبت و معنادار بر رقابت‌پذیری ملی کشورها دارند. چنین استنباط می‌شود با افزایش سطح توسعه‌یافتگی، اثرگذاری فاوا بر رقابت‌پذیری نیز افزایش می‌یابد؛ بدین معنا که با ارتقای آمادگی فنی، پذیرش فاوا اثر بیش‌تری بر بهره‌وری و رقابت‌پذیری داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Information and Communication Technology and National Competitiveness: A Cross-country Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Fathabadi 1
  • Niloufar Mmankhan 2
  • mahmod mahmodzade 3
1 Assistant professor, Department of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Firuzkuh Branch, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Islamic Azad University, Firuzkuh Branch, Iran
3 Associate professor, Department of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Firuzkuh Branch, Iran
چکیده [English]

Information and Communication Technology is a main factor that increases competitive capacity of countries and it improves their position in international exchanges. In this paper the effect of Information and Communication Technology ion national competitiveness with using panel data regression during 2008-2016. To estimate the model, countries divided into four groups include “factor-driven countries”, “efficiency-driven countries”, “innovation-driven economies” and “transition” countries as some countries are transitioning from stage one to two, and others are moving from stage two to three. The specified econometric model also estimated for whole sample includes 80 countries. Findings indicate that the Information and Communication Technology improvement has positive and statistically significant effect on the countries' level of competitiveness in four group countries. The elasticity of competitiveness with respect to Information and Communication Technology for factor-driven economies is between 0.02-0.07, in efficiency-driven countries 0.1, in innovation-driven countries between 0.06-0.15. Finally the elasticity of competitiveness in transition countries one to two and two to three is about 0.01 and 0.08 respectively. This elasticity for whole sample is 0.05. The conclusion of this paper is that the developed countries have appropriate technological readiness and adoption of Information and Communication Technology has a high impact on productivity and competitiveness.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Information and Communication Technology
  • Competitiveness
  • Productivity
  • Panel Data
  • Selected Countries
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