تاثیر پذیری رشد اقتصادی از ساختار نهاد های سیاسی و اقتصادی کشورهای نفتی با توجه به تعیین حجم دولت (رهیافت نظریه بازی)

نوع مقاله : علمی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته علوم اقتصادی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.

2 استاد بازنشسته گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 استادیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد خمینی شهر، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مسأله رشد اقتصادی و شناسایی عوامل تأثیرگذار بر آن همواره از مباحث مورد توجه اقتصاددانان بوده است. مطالعات گسترده اندیشمندان اقتصادی، نقش عوامل متعددی را در رشد اقتصادی مشخص کرده است؛ اما در مدل‌های مدرن میزان عوامل مؤثر بر رشد، تابعی از انگیزه‌های موجود در جوامع در نظر گرفته می‌شوند. در این مطالعات، انگیزه‌ای که موجب شدت گرفتن یا کندی رشد اقتصادی می‌شود، به نهادهای سیاسی و اقتصادی متفاوت حاکم بر آن جوامع نسبت داده می‌شود. این مقاله با رهیافت نظریه بازی و با طراحی سناریوهای مختلف، انگیزه‌های متفاوتی را که می‌تواند انتخاب دولتمردان را در تعیین حجم دولت کشورهای نفتی تحت تأثیر قرار دهد، ارزیابی خواهد کرد. ابتدا دولتمردان با انگیزه حداکثرسازی درآمد دولت به دنبال تعیین حجمی ‌از دولت هستند که تولید کارآفرینان طبقه متوسط را بیشینه نماید. با فرض فعال بودن دولت در فعالیت‌های تولیدی، دولتمردان تمایل به افزایش حجم دولت نسبت به مقدار بهینه دارند. در صورتی‌که فضای رقابتی به عرصه سیاسی نیز گسترش یابد، انگیزه دولتمردان به شدت تحت تأثیر فضای رقابت سیاسی قرار می‌گیرد، که موجب افزایش حجم دولت نسبت به سناریوهای قبلی شده و رشد اقتصادی بیش از پیش تضعیف خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Influence of Political and Economic Institutions on Economic Growth in Petroleum Countries Based on Government Size (Game Theory Approach)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hajar Mostafaee 1
  • Morteza Sameti 2
  • Mostafa Rajabi 3
1 PhD student of International Economics, Islamic Azad University Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Economics, University of Isfahan. Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant professor, Islamic Azad University of Khomeinishahr Branch, Isfahan< Iran
چکیده [English]

The issue of economic growth and identifying factors affect it has always been one of the interesting topics to economists. Extensive studies have identified the role of several factors in economic growth, but in modern models, these factors are function of incentives in societies. In these studies, the incentives that drive or slow economic growth attributes to the different political and economic institutions on those societies. This article by using game theory approach and designing different scenarios, will evaluate the different incentives that can influence the choice of size of government’s policy in the oil countries. At first, elites who seek to maximize government revenue intend to set a government size to maximize the production of middle-class entrepreneurs. Assuming that the government is active in economic activities, elites tend to increase the size of government. If the competition extend to the political arena, the motivation of the elites was strongly influenced, which would result in a larger government than previous scenarios and further weaken economic growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Economic Growth
  • Political Institutions
  • Economic Institutions
  • Game Theory
  • Size of Government
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