تاثیر شاخص سهولت کسب و کار بر نابرابری درآمدی کشورهای منتخب خاورمیانه و شمال آفریقا

نوع مقاله : علمی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه الزهرا (س)

2 علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

3 علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران

4 کارشناسی ارشد علوم اقتصادی

چکیده

نابرابری درآمد یکی از اصلی‌ترین مسائلی است که بر جنبه‌های مختلف اقتصادی کشورها تأثیر می‌گذارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر سهولت کسب و کار بر نابرابری درآمدی کشورهای منتخب خاورمیانه و شمال آفریقا می باشد. برای این منظور داده‌های پانل 11 ساله از سال 2010 تا 2020 از 16 کشور منتخب منطقه منا از پایگاه اطلاعاتی سازمان ملل متحد و بانک جهانی جمع‌آوری شده و با استفاده از روش FMOLS تخمین زده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که سهولت انجام کسب و کار تاثیر منفی و معنادار بر نابرابری درآمدی داشته است؛ به این معنی که متغیر یاد شده به توزیع برابرتر درآمد میان افراد می‌انجامند. رابطه میان تورم، نابرابری آموزشی و بیکاری با نابرابری درآمدی مثبت و معنادار برآورد شده است؛ به این معنی که متغیرهای یاد شده به توزیع نابرابرتر در درآمد میان افراد منجر شده‌اند. همچنین یافته‌ها بیانگر تاثیر مثبت و معنادار میان مخارج عمومی دولت و سرانه تولید ناخالص داخلی با نابرابری درآمدی می‌باشد. کشورها باید زیرساخت‌های مناسبی را برای بهبود فضای کسب و کار و دسترسی آسان تر تمامی افراد جامعه به شغل های مناسب با حقوق کافی فراهم کرده تا از طریق بالا بردن قدرت خرید قشرهای ضعیف جامعه، نابرابری درآمد را کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of the ease of doing business index on income inequality in selected countries of the Middle East and North Africa

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mir Hossein Mousavi 1
  • Mehran Samdaliri 2
  • Nooshin Mohammadi 3
  • Mobin Ramezanpour 4
1 Economics, Alzahra university, Tehran
2 Economic Sciences, Faculty of Economics, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
3 Economic Sciences, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, AlZahra University, Tehran, Iran
4 Master student of economics, University of Mazandaran
چکیده [English]

Income inequality is one of the main issues that affect various economic aspects of countries. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors affecting income inequality with an emphasis on the ease of doing business . For this purpose, 11-year panel data from 2010 to 2020 from 16 selected countries of the MENA region were collected from the United Nations and World Bank database and estimated using the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) panel method. The results obtained from the estimation of the model show that the ease of doing business index had a negative and significant impact on income inequality; This means that the mentioned variables lead to a more equal distribution of income among people. The relationship between inflation, educational inequality and unemployment with income inequality has been estimated to be positive and significant; This means that the aforementioned variables have led to the distribution of income inequality among people. Also, the findings show a positive and significant effect between public expenditure of the government and per capita GDP with income inequality. Countries should provide suitable platforms and infrastructures to improve the business environment and easier access of all members of the society to suitable jobs with sufficient salaries so that income inequality can be reduced by increasing the purchasing power of the weak sections of the society.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ease of Doing Business (EDB)
  • income inequality
  • Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS)
  • MENA region countries

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پژوهشنامه اقتصاد کلان Macroeconomics Research Letter
دوره 17، شماره 35
آبان 1401
صفحه 129-153

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 اسفند 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 خرداد 1402

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