اثر نوآوری فین‌تک بانکی بر ریسک‌پذیری نظام بانکی ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

صنعت مالی جهانی با پیشرفت فناوری مالی در چند سال اخیر به سرعت در حال تغییر بوده است. فناوری ‌های نوظهور جدید مانند امور مالی اینترنتی، بلاک ‌چین و بانکداری تلفن همراه صنعت مالی را متحول کرده ‌اند. فین‌تک به‌عنوان نوآوری مالی، تغییرات عمیقی در الگوهای پرداخت ایجاد کرده و با تکیه بر شیوه ‌های نوین تراکنش نظیر پرداخت موبایلی، امکان عبور نظام مالی سنتی از محدودیت‌های جغرافیایی و زمانی را فراهم کرده است. حضور فناوری فین ‌تک موجب می ‌شود خدمات ارزان‌تری با انتخاب‌های بیشتر برای مصرف‌کنندگان جهت خرید خدمات مالی ارائه شود که رفتار مالی افراد را به سمت دیجیتالی شدن سوق می‌دهد. ظهور فناوری مالی موجب ایجاد مدل‌های تجاری جدیدی شده که رویکردهای سنتی ریسک‌پذیری را به چالش می‌کشد. بر این اساس، دستیابی به بینشی از تأثیر نوآوری فین ‌تک بر ریسک ‌پذیری نظام بانکی ضروری است. لذا این مقاله تاثیر نوآوری فین‌تک بانکی را بر ریسک‌پذیری آن ‌ با استفاده از داده‌های پانل دیتا در بانک ‌های ایران بین سال‌های 1386 تا 1400 بررسی می‌کند. نتایج تجربی نشان می ‌دهد که بهبود نوآوری فین ‌تک، به طور معناداری ریسک ‌پذیری بانک ‌ها را کاهش می ‌دهد. فین ‌تک بانکی با استفاده از تکنولوژی رمزنگاری برای تراکنش‌های مالی، تجهیزات الکترونیکی و نرم‌افزارهای مالی موجب امنیت تراکنش‌ها، افزایش شفافیت نظام بانکی، کاهش احتمال خطاهای انسانی در فرآیند انتقال و در نتیجه کاهش ریسک بانکی می‌شود. از این رو، اقداماتی در جهت  توسعه زیرساخت-های فنی، تقویت همکاری و هماهنگی بین بانک‌ها و شرکت‌های فین ‌تک، تقویت نظارت و اعمال قوانین مقررات مناسب، تعیین استراتژی ‌ها و سیاست ‌های دقیق و بهره‌گیری از فناوری‌های امنیتی می‌تواند به مدیریت و بهبود ریسک بانکی کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Bank's Fintech Innovation on the Risk-taking of the Iranian Banking System

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arezou Karami 1
  • Hadi Esmaeilpour Moghadam 2
1 Master student in Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

The global financial industry has been changing rapidly with the advancement of financial technology in the last few years. Emerging technologies, such as Internet finance, blockchain, and mobile banking, have revolutionized the financial industry. As a financial innovation, fintech has created profound changes in payment patterns, and by relying on new transaction methods such as mobile payment, it has enabled traditional finance to overcome geographical and time limitations. Fintech technology provides cheaper services with more choices for consumers to purchase financial services, which leads people's financial behavior towards digitalization. The emergence of financial technology has created new business models that challenge traditional risk-taking approaches. Based on this, it is necessary to gain insight into the impact of fintech innovation on the risk-taking of the banking system. Therefore, the present study examines the impact of banking fintech innovation on their risk-taking using panel data in Iranian banks between 2008 and 2022. The experimental results show that improving fintech innovation significantly reduces banks’ risk-taking. By using cryptographic technology for financial transactions, electronic equipment, and financial software, banking fintech increases the security of transactions, increases the transparency of the banking system, reduces the possibility of human errors in the transfer process and financial transactions, and, as a result, reduces banking risk. Therefore, taking measures to develop technical infrastructure, strengthening cooperation and coordination between banks and fintech companies, strengthening supervision and applying appropriate regulations, determining strategies and precise policies, and using security technologies can help manage and improve banking risk.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fintech
  • Risk
  • Bank
  • Innovation
  • Financial services

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پژوهشنامه اقتصاد کلان Macroeconomics Research Letter
دوره 18، شماره 38
دی 1402
صفحه 35-56

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 دی 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 دی 1402

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