عوامل مؤثر بر شکاف دیجیتال در استان‌های کشور

نوع مقاله : علمی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

2 کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد انرژی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

علی‌رغم نقش‌ پررنگ فاوا در زمینه‌های مختلف، فرصت‌های یکسانی برای همه اقشار جامعه فراهم نبوده و شکاف دیجیتال، به‌عنوان یک پدیده جدید در مقیاس جهانی و منطقه‌ای ظاهر شده است. شکاف دیجیتال موضوعی پیچیده و چند بُعدی است و در سه مرتبه میزان دسترسی به فاوا، نقش مهارت‌ها و شایستگی‌ها، اثرات اجتماعی و اقتصادی ناشی از استفاده فاوا؛ تعریف می‌شود. سنجش شکاف دیجیتال، نیازمند در نظر گرفتن متغیرهای گوناگون است؛ در مطالعه حاضر، شکاف دیجیتال، با کمک چهار عامل دسترسی به تلفن‌های ثابت و همراه، اینترنت و مالکیت کامپیوتر؛ محاسبه شده است. در این مطالعه با استفاده از روش داده‌های ترکیبی برای 31 استان ایران طی بازه زمانی 99-1384 و بکارگیری مدل رگرسیون تعمیم یافته به بررسی آثار عوامل اقتصادی- اجتماعی بر شکاف دیجیتال پرداخته شده است. نتایج بیان می‌کند دو متغیر تورم و جمعیت بی‌معنی بوده و سایر متغیرهای مورد بررسی (نابرابری درآمد، میزان دسترسی به تلفن همراه، تولید ناخالص‌داخلی، آموزش، شهرنشینی) تاثیری مستقیم و معنی‌دار بر شکاف دیجیتال دارند. طبق نتایج کسب شده، تخصیص اعتبار، تشویق بخش خصوصی جهت مشارکت و سرمایه‌گذاری، افـزایش تمایـل شهروندان بـه اسـتفاده از خدمات دیجیتالی و گسترش حیطه خدمت‌رسانی به مناطق دور‌افتاده و محروم؛ راهکارهای موثری برای کاهش شکاف دیجیتال است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors affecting the digital divide in Iran's provinces

نویسنده [English]

  • Masoumeh azizkhani 2
2 Master of Economics of Energy, Economics of Energy and Resources Dep., Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Despite the significant role of ICT in various fields, equal opportunities have not been provided for all segments of society, and the digital divide has emerged as a new phenomenon on a global and regional scale. The digital divide is a complex and multidimensional issue that is defined by three factors: access to ICT, skills and competencies, and the social and economic effects of ICT use. Measuring the digital divide requires taking into account various variables. In this study, the digital divide was calculated using four factors: access to landline and mobile phones, internet access, and computer ownership. The aim of this study is to identify and evaluate the factors affecting the digital divide at the provincial level in Iran. Using a combined data method for 31 provinces of Iran during the period of 2005-2020 and employing a generalized regression model, the study examined the effects of socio-economic factors on the digital divide. The results indicate that two variables, inflation and population, are insignificant, while other variables examined (income inequality, mobile phone access, gross domestic product, education, and urbanization) have a direct and significant impact on the digital divide. According to the results, allocating credit, encouraging private sector participation and investment, increasing citizens' interest in using digital services, and expanding the scope of service delivery to remote and deprived areas are effective solutions for reducing the digital divide.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • digital divide
  • ICT
  • socio-economic factors
  • fixed and random effects
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