تاثیرات کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت سیاست‌های مالیاتی بر رشد فراگیر در ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه اصفهان

10.22080/mrl.2025.28322.2140

چکیده

مفهوم رشد فراگیر از ابتدای پیدایش آن، مفهومی تأمل برانگیز و تحول یابنده بوده است؛ در سالهای اولیه پیدایش این مفهوم، آن را معادل رشد اقتصادی می‌دانستند در دوره‌های بعدی، همه‌ی ابعاد دیگر رفاه مانند بهداشت، محیط‌زیست و آموزش نیز در درون مفهوم رشد فراگیر، صورت‌بندی شد؛ به نحوی که امروزه، رشد فراگیر را تغییری همه جانبه در همه‌ی بخش‌های زندگی انسان و نوعی تحول همه جانبه در رفاه و پیشرفت جوامع می‌دانندرشد فراگیر پیوند عمیقی با دولت دارد. دولت هم می‌تواند در نقش تسریع کننده و مثبت و هم مانع رشد فراگیر شود که این مسئله بستگی به کانال اجرائی و برنامه‌ریزی دولت دارد. مثلا دولت از یک طرف، می‌تواند از طریق تعریف قواعد و نهادهای حامی عملکرد بازارها بر رشد فراگیر تاثیر گذاشته و با یارانه‌های اجتماعی، کمبود و کاستی‌های بازار را جبران کند بررسی آثار سیاست‌های مالیاتی بر متغیرهای کلان اقتصادی یکی از مولفه‌های اصلی در اتخاذ و یا اصلاح سیاست‌های مالی در کشورها است. بنابراین در این پژوهش تاثیرات کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت سیاست‌های مالیاتی بر رشد فراگیر در ایران طی دوره 1383-1402با بهره‌گیری از الگوی خود رگرسیون با وقفه‌های توزیعی مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از آن است که مالیات بر درآمد اثر مثبت و معنادار در کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت بر رشد فراگیر داشته است. مالیات بر ارزش افزوده در کوتاه‌مدت اثر منفی و معنادار و در بلندمدت اثر مثبت و معنادار بر رشد فراگیر داشته است. تاثیر مالیات بر شرکت‌ها در کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت بر رشد فراگیر مثبت و معنادار بوده است. دیگر یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از آن است که سرمایه انسانی و شاخص سلامت در کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت تاثیر مثبت و بیکاری تاثیر منفی بر بر رشد فراگیر داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Short-term and Long-term Effects of Tax Policies on Inclusive Growth in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • faezeh bayat
  • monireh rafat
university of isfahan
چکیده [English]

The Short-term and Long-term Effects of Tax Policies on Inclusive Growth in Iran
Abstract
The ultimate outcomes of inclusive growth are (i) sustainable and equitable growth, (ii) social inclusion, (iii) empowerment, and (iv) security. Economic growth is indeed an essential requirement for inclusive growth. For growth to be rapid and sustained, it should be broad-based across sectors and regions, and inclusive of the large part of the labor force, including the poor and vulnerable groups of the population. Social inclusion is the removal of institutional barriers and the enhancement of incentives to increase the access of all segments of the society to development opportunities. Empowerment is the enhancement of the assets and capabilities of diverse individuals and groups to function in and to participate in the growth process. Investigating the effects of tax policies on macroeconomic variables is one of the main components in adopting or modifying financial policies in countries. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the short-term and long-term effects of tax policies on inclusive growth in Iran during 2004-2023, using autoregression model with distributional lag (ARDL). The findings of the research indicate that income tax has a positive and significant effect on inclusive growth in the short and long term. Value added tax has had a negative and significant effect in the short term and a positive and significant effect on inclusive growth in the long term. The impact of corporate tax on short-term and long-term growth has been positive and significant. Other research findings indicate that human capital and health have a positive impact on economic growth in the short and long term. Unemployment has had a negative impact on economic growth in the short and long term.

Key word: Inclusive Growth, Direct and Indirect Taxes, Iran, Autoregerssive Distributed Lag

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Inclusive Growth
  • Direct and Indirect Taxes
  • Iran
  • Autoregerssive Distributed Lag
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http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARAFMS/v7-i1/2587