بررسی تطبیقی رابطه فساد و سرمایه انسانی در کشورهای منتخب اسلامی

نوع مقاله : علمی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، واحد تبریز ،دانشکاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران،

2 دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

3 استاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی تطبیقی رابطه بین فساد و سرمایه انسانی در 19 کشور با توسعه انسانی بسیار زیاد و زیاد (گروه اول) و 35 کشور با توسعه انسانی متوسط و ضعیف (گروه دوم) می‌باشد. مطالعه به روش توصیفی تحلیلی و با استفاده از روش اقتصادسنجی پانل ور (Panel VAR) در دوره زمانی 2012 الی 2018 انجام‌گرفته و روابط بلندمدت و کوتاه­مدت بین متغیرهای مدل بررسی‌شده‌اند. در گروه اول کشورها در انتهای دوره حدود 48/71 درصد تغییرات فساد توسط شوک‌های مربوط به خود فساد، 30/5 درصد توسط شوک‌های تورم، 75/9 درصد توسط شوک‌های آموزش، 17/3 درصد توسط شوک‌های تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه، 65/7 درصد توسط شوک‌های بهداشت و سلامت و 62/2 درصد توسط شوک‌های حکمرانی خوب توضیح داده می‌شود. در گروه دوم در انتهای دوره حدود 26/62 درصد تغییرات فساد توسط شوک‌های مربوط به خود فساد، 54/21 درصد نوسانات توسط شوک‌های میزان تورم، 2/0 درصد توسط شوک‌های آموزش، 34/1 درصد توسط شوک‌های تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه، 33/9 درصد توسط شوک‌های بهداشت و سلامت و 30/5 درصد توسط شوک‌های حکمرانی خوب توضیح داده می‌شود. نتیجه اینکه شاخص­های سرمایه انسانی در کشورهای با توسعه انسانی بسیار زیاد و زیاد 4/17 درصد از تغییرات فساد را توضیح داده است که این مقدار در کشورهای با توسعه انسانی متوسط و ضعیف برابر 53/9 درصد است؛ به عبارتی در گروه اول کشورها تغییرات و ساختار فساد بهتر توسط شاخص­های سرمایه انسانی تبیین شده­ اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of the Relationship between Corruption and Human Capital in Selected Islamic Countries

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Mahdi Sadri 1
  • Monireh Dizaji 2
  • Parviz mohamadzadeh 3
  • Seyyed Ali Paytakhti Oskooe 4
1 Ph.D. student Economics, Department of Economics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Associate professor, Department of Economics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
4 Associate Professor ,Department of Economics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research is to compare the relationship between corruption and human capital in 19 countries with very high and high human development (first group) and 35 countries with average and low human development (second group). To conduct this study and investigate the long-term and short-term relationships between the variables of the model from 2012 to 2018, a descriptive-analytical method and the panel econometric method were used. Results show that in the first group of countries (high human development), about 71.48% of corruption changes were caused by corruption-related shocks, 5.30% by inflation-related shocks, and 9.75% by education-related shocks at the end of the period. The findings also revealed that 3.17% of corruption changes were explained by shocks caused by GDP per capita, 7.65% by shocks caused by health, and 2.62% by shocks caused by good governance. However, in the second group (low human development), the results showed that at the end of the period, about 62.26% of corruption changes were caused by corruption-related shocks, 21.54% fluctuations by inflation-induced shocks, 0.2% by education shocks, 1.34% by shocks due to GDP per capita, 9.33% by shocks due to health, and 5.30% by shocks due to good governance. In conclusion, it can be said that the indicators of human capital in countries with high human development (the first group) explained 17.4% of corruption changes, while this factor is 9.53% in countries with low human development (the second group). In other words, in the first group of countries, the changes and structure of corruption are better explained by human capital indicators.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corruption
  • Human Capital
  • Education
  • Health
  • Islamic Countries
  • Panel
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